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Ancient artifacts from Mesopotamia show link between proto-cuneiform signs and writing system

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Uruk emerged as one of the earliest sites of urbanization in Mesopotamia around 3500 BCE , exerting its influence across a vast portion of the Tigris-Euphrates river region from present-day Iran to Turkey .

The city was an important hub of culture, witnessing the development of an early predecessor of written language known as proto-cuneiform script.

Researchers at the University of Bologna in Italy believe they have come closer to explaining the gulf between pictographic symbols of cylinder seals and proto-language.